Ethical hacking, also known as penetration testing or white-hat hacking, involves cybersecurity experts attempting to bypass system security to identify potential data breaches and threats in a network.
The company that owns the system or network allows cybersecurity engineers to perform such activities in order to test the system's defenses. Thus, unlike malicious hacking, this process is planned, approved, and more importantly, legal.
Ethical security professionals who use their skills to improve security by finding vulnerabilities and helping to fix them. They work with organizations' consent.
Malicious hackers who break into systems without permission for personal gain, to steal data, or to cause damage. Their activities are illegal.
Operate somewhere between white and black hats. They may break laws or ethical standards but without malicious intent, often revealing vulnerabilities to companies.
Other specialized types include:
Gathering information about the target system before launching attacks. This can be passive (without direct interaction) or active (with direct interaction).
Using technical tools to examine the target network and systems for vulnerabilities, open ports, services, and other potential entry points.
Exploiting vulnerabilities to enter the target system. This might involve cracking passwords, exploiting software flaws, or social engineering.
Ensuring continued access to the compromised system, often by installing backdoors or creating admin accounts for future access.
Removing evidence of the intrusion by clearing logs, hiding files, and avoiding detection mechanisms to maintain stealth.
Network Mapper - a powerful open-source tool for network discovery and security auditing. Used to discover hosts and services on a computer network.
A penetration testing framework that makes hacking simple. It provides information about security vulnerabilities and aids in penetration testing.
A network protocol analyzer that lets you capture and interactively browse the traffic running on a computer network.
A fast password cracker software tool. It's used to detect weak Unix passwords and to test password strength.
An integrated platform for performing security testing of web applications. Its various tools work seamlessly together.
A complete suite of tools to assess WiFi network security. It focuses on monitoring, attacking, testing and cracking.
In our increasingly digital world, ethical hacking plays a crucial role in cybersecurity by: